Litsebi tse 6 li bolela esale pele mekhoa e meholo ea k'hemistri bakeng sa 2023
Litsebi tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa thuto le indasteri li buisana ka se tla ba lihlooho tsa litaba selemong se tlang
Mokitlane: Will Ludwig/C&EN/Shutterstock
MAHER EL-KADY, MOLAOLI E MPHEO EA THEKNOLOJIA, NANOTECH ENERGY, LE ELECTROCHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES
Mokitlane: Ka tlhompho ea Maher El-Kady
"E le hore re felise ho itšetleha ha rona ka libeso le ho fokotsa ho ntšoa ha khabone, mokhoa o le mong feela oa 'nete ke ho kenya ntho e ngoe le e ngoe motlakase ho tloha malapeng ho ea ho likoloi.Lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, re bile le lintlafatso tse kholo nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ea libeteri tse matla haholo tse lebelletsoeng ho fetola haholo tsela eo re eang mosebetsing le ho etela metsoalle le ba lelapa.Ho netefatsa phetoho e felletseng ho matla a motlakase, lintlafatso tse ling tsa matla a motlakase, nako ea ho nchafatsa, polokeho, ho e sebelisa hape, le litšenyehelo ka hora ea kilowatt e ntse e hlokahala.Motho a ka lebella hore lipatlisiso tsa betri li tla hola le ho feta ka 2023 ka palo e ntseng e eketseha ea bo-ramahlale ba k'hemistri le thepa ba sebetsang 'moho ho thusa ho kenya likoloi tse ngata tsa motlakase tseleng. ”
KLAUS LACKNER, MOTSAMAI, SETSI SA LITŠOANTŠISO TSA KHABONE E MANE, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY.
Mokoloto: Univesithi ea Arizona State
“Ho tloha ka COP27, [seboka sa machaba sa tikoloho se neng se tšoeroe ka Pulungoana Egepeta], sepheo sa boemo ba leholimo ba 1.5 °C ha sea ka sa hlola se e-ba teng, ho hatisa tlhokahalo ea ho tlosa carbon.Ka hona, 2023 e tla bona tsoelo-pele ho mahlale a ho hapa moea ka kotloloho.Li fana ka mokhoa o hlephileng oa mesi e mpe, empa li theko e boima haholo bakeng sa taolo ea litšila tsa khabone.Leha ho le joalo, ho nka moea ka ho toba ho ka qala ho le nyenyane 'me ho hōla ka palo ho e-na le boholo.Joalo ka liphanele tsa letsatsi, lisebelisoa tsa ho nka moea ka kotloloho li ka hlahisoa ka bongata.Tlhahiso e kholo e bonts'itse phokotso ea litšenyehelo ka litaelo tsa boholo.2023 e ka fana ka leseli la hore na ke lifeng tsa theknoloji tse hlahisitsoeng li ka nka monyetla ka phokotso ea litšenyehelo tse hlahisoang ke tlhahiso e ngata. ”
RALPH MARQUARDT, MOLAOLI E MONG OA TLHOKOMELISO, LIINDANDAN TSA EVONIK
Mokitlane: Evonik Industries
“Ho emisa ho fetoha ha tlelaemete ke mosebetsi o moholo.E ka atleha feela haeba re sebelisa lisebelisoa tse fokolang haholo.Moruo oa 'nete o chitja o bohlokoa bakeng sa sena.Tlatsetso ea indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale ho sena e kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tse ncha, lits'ebetso tse ncha, le litlatsetso tse thusang ho bula tsela ea ho sebelisoa hape ha lihlahisoa tse seng li sebelisitsoe.Ba etsa hore ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso e sebetse hantle le ho etsa hore tšebeliso ea lik'hemik'hale e be le morero le ho feta pyrolysis ea mantlha.Ho fetola litšila hore e be lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ho hloka botsebi bo tsoang indastering ea lik'hemik'hale.Ka potoloho ea 'nete, litšila lia sebelisoa hape 'me li fetoha lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse ncha.Leha ho le joalo, re lokela ho potlaka;lintlafatso tsa rona lia hlokahala hona joale ho thusa moruo o potolohang nakong e tlang. ”
SARAH E. O'CONNOR, MOLAOLI, LEFAPHA LA BIOSYNTHESI YA SEHLAHISO SA TLHAHO, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
Mokitlane: Sebastian Reuters
Mekhoa ea '-Omics' e sebelisoa ho sibolla liphatsa tsa lefutso le li-enzyme tseo libaktheria, li-fungus, limela le lintho tse ling li li sebelisang ho kopanya lihlahisoa tse rarahaneng tsa tlhaho.Liphatsa tsena tsa lefutso le li-enzyme li ka sebelisoa, hangata li kopantsoe le lits'ebetso tsa lik'hemik'hale, ho theha sethala sa tlhahiso ea biocatalytic se sa sebetseng tikolohong bakeng sa limolek'hule tse ngata.Hona joale re ka etsa '-omics' ka sele e le 'ngoe.Ke bolela esale pele hore re tla bona kamoo li-transcriptomics tsa sele e le 'ngoe le genomics li fetolang lebelo leo re fumanang liphatsa tsa lefutso le li-enzyme.Ho feta moo, hona joale metabolomics ea sele e le ’ngoe e ka khoneha, e re nolofalletsang ho lekanya hore na ke bokae ba lik’hemik’hale liseleng ka bomong, e leng se re fang setšoantšo se nepahetseng haholoanyane sa kamoo sele e sebetsang kateng e le fektheri ea lik’hemik’hale.”
RICHMOND SARPONG, CHEMIST E PHELANG, UNIVESITE YA CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
Mokitlane: Niki Stefanelli
"Kutloisiso e betere ea ho rarahana ha limolek'hule tsa manyolo, mohlala, mokhoa oa ho lemoha lipakeng tsa ho rarahana ha sebopeho le boiketlo ba motsoako, e tla tsoelapele ho hlaha ho tsoa tsoelopeleng ea ho ithuta ka mochini, e tla lebisa ho potlakiso ea ts'ebetso le ho bolela esale pele.Khatelo-pele ena e tla fepa mekhoa e mecha ea ho nahana ka sebaka sa lik'hemik'hale tse fapa-fapaneng.Tsela e 'ngoe ea ho etsa sena ke ka ho etsa liphetoho sebakeng sa limolek'hule' me e 'ngoe ke ho ama liphetoho khubung ea limolek'hule ka ho hlophisa masapo a limolek'hule.Hobane li-cores tsa limolek'hule tsa tlhaho li na le litlamo tse matla tse kang carbon-carbon, carbon-nitrogen, le carbon-oxygen bonds, ke lumela hore re tla bona ho hōla ha palo ea mekhoa ea ho sebetsa mefuta ena ea litlamo, haholo-holo tsamaisong e sa tsitsang.Tsoelo-pele ho photoredox catalysis le eona e ka kenya letsoho ho tataiso e ncha ea ho hlophisa marapo. ”
ALISON WENDLANDT, CHEMIST E PHELANG, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Mokitlane: Justin Knight
"Ka 2023, litsebi tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa organic li tla tsoela pele ho hatella maemo a feteletseng a ho khetha.Ke lebelletse kholo e eketsehileng ea mekhoa ea ho hlophisa e fanang ka ho nepahala ha boemo ba athomo hammoho le lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa ho lokisa li-macromolecules.Ke ntse ke tsoela pele ho khothaletsoa ke ho kopanngoa ha mahlale a kileng a baana ho organic chemistry toolkit: biocatalytic, electrochemical, photochemical, and sophisticated data science tools li ntse li eketseha.Ke lebelletse hore mekhoa e sebelisang lisebelisoa tsena e tla tsoela pele ho thunya, e re tlisetse k'hemistri eo re neng re sa e nahane. ”
Tlhokomeliso: Likarabo tsohle li rometsoe ka lengolo-tsoibila.
Nako ea poso: Feb-07-2023